unidad_de_cuidados_intensivos

Una unidad de cuidados intensivos (UCI), unidad de vigilancia intensiva (UVI) o centro de tratamiento intensivo (CTI) o Unidad de terapia intensiva (UTI) es una instalación especial dentro del área hospitalaria que proporciona medicina intensiva.

Los pacientes neuroquirúrgicos candidatos a entrar en cuidados intensivos son aquellos que tienen alguna condición grave de salud que pone en riesgo la vida y que por tal requieren de una monitorización constante de sus signos vitales y otros parámetros.

Los pacientes que ingresan en una Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos (UCI) por traumatismo craneoencefálico (TCE) o accidente cerebrovascular agudo (ACVA) presentan una elevada gravedad y mortalidad. En estos pacientes es habitual evaluar el grado de lesión cerebral a su ingreso mediante una tomografía computarizada (TC) cerebral, que permite el conocimiento sobre el tipo de lesión cerebral anatómica y orienta acerca de la actitud terapéutica. Además, aporta información pronóstica de gran valor, como han mostrado múltiples estudios

1. The Brain Trauma Foundation. The American Association of Neurological Surgeons. The Joint Section on Neurotrauma and Critical Care. Computed tomography scan features. J Neurotrauma. 2000;17:597-627. [ Links ] 2. Lobato RD, Cordobes F, Rivas JJ, de la Fuente M, Montero A, Barcena A, et al. Outcome from severe head injury related to the type of intracranial lesion. A computerized tomography study. J Neurosurg. 1983;59:762-74. [ Links ] 3. Kido DK, CoX C, Hamill RW, Rothenberg BM, Woolf PD. Traumatic brain injuries: Predictive usefulness of CT. Radiology. 1992;182:777-81. [ Links ] 4. Wardlaw JM, Easton VJ, Statham P. Which CT features help predict outcome after head injury? J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2002;72:188-92. [ Links ] 5. Levin HS. Prediction of recovery from traumatic brain injury. J Neurotrauma. 1995;12:913-22. [ Links ] 6. Ong L, Selladurai BM, Dhillon MK, Atan M, Lye MS. The prognostic value of the Glasgow Coma Scale, hypoxia and computerised tomography in outcome prediction of pediatric head injury. Pediatr Neurosurg. 1996;24:285-91. [ Links ] 7. Lehmann U, Regel G, Ellendorf B, Rickels E, Lorenz M, Becker H, et al. Initial cranial CT for evaluating the prognosis of craniocerebral trauma. Unfallchirurg. 1997;100:705-10. [ Links ] 8. Lobato RD, Sarabia R, Rivas JJ, Cordobés F, Castro S, Muñoz MJ, et al. Normal computerized tomography scans in severe head injury. Prognostic and clinical management implications. J Neurosurg. 1986;65:784-9. [ Links ] 9. Broderick JP, Brott TG, Duldner JE, Tomsick T, Huster G. Volume of intracerebral hemorrhage. A powerful and easy-to-use predictor of 30-day mortality. Stroke. 1993;24:987-93. [ Links ] 10. Liu HM, Tu YK, Su CT. Changes of brainstem and perimesencephalic cistern: dynamic predictor of outcome in severe head injury. J Trauma. 1995;38:330-3. [ Links ] 11. Marshall LF, Marshall SB, Klauber MR, van Berkum Clark M, Eisenberg HM, et al. A new classification of head injury based on computerized tomography. J Neurosurg. 1991;75 Suppl:s14-20. [ Links ] 12. Fearnside MR, Cook RJ, McDougall P, McNeil RJ. The Westmead Head Injury Project outcome in severe head injury. A comparative analysis of pre-hospital, clinical and CT variables. Br J Neurosurg. 1993;7:267-79. [ Links ] 13. Eisenberg HM, Gary HE, Aldrich EF, Saydjari C, Turner B, Foulkes MA, et al. Initial CT findings in 753 patients with severe head injury. A report from the NIH Traumatic Coma Data Bank. J Neurosurg. 1990;73:688-98. [ Links ] 14. Young B, Rapp RP, Norton JA, Haack D, Tibbs PA, Bean JR. Early prediction of outcome in head-injured patients. J Neurosurg. 1981;54:300-3. [ Links ] 15. Lipper MH, Kishore PR, Enas GG, Domingues da Silva AA, Choi SC, Becker DP. Computed tomography in the prediction of outcome in head injury. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1985; 144:483-6. [ Links ] 16. Lobato RD, Rivas JJ, Gómez PA, Castaneda M, Canizal JM, Sarabia R, et al. Head-injured patients who talk and deteriorate into coma. Analyisis of 211 cases studied with computerized tomography. J Neurosurg. 1991;75:256-61. [ Links ] 17. Quattrocchi KB, Prasad P, Willits NH, Wagner FC Jr. Quantification of midline shift as a predictor of poor outcome following head injury. Surg Neurol. 1991;35:183-8. [ Links ] 18. Selladurai BM, Jayakumar R, Tan YY, Low HC. Outcome prediction in early management of severe head injury: an experience in Malaysia. Br J Neurosurg. 1992;6:549-57. [ Links ] 19. Toutant SM, Klauber MR, Marshall LF, Toole BM, Bowers SA, Seelig JM, et al. Absent or compressed basal cisterns on first CT scan: ominous predictors of outcome in severe head injury. J Neurosurg. 1984;61:691-4. [ Links ] 20. Marruecos-Sant L, Pérez-Márquez M, Betbese AJ, Rialp G, Molet J, Net A. Cranioencephalic trauma in adults: clinical and radiologic features. Med Clin (Barc). 1996;107:405-9. [ Links ] 21. Van Dongen KJ, Braakman R, Gelpke GJ. The prognostic value of computerized tomography in comatose head-injured patients. J Neurosurg. 1983;59:951-7. [ Links ] 22. Cordobés F, Lobato RD, Rivas JJ, Cabrera A, Sarabia M, Castro S, et al. Post-traumatic diffuse axonal brain injury. Analysis of 78 patients studied with computed tomography. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 1986;81:27-35.

  • unidad_de_cuidados_intensivos.txt
  • Última modificación: 2019/09/26 22:27
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